Gas-engine.



B. F. STEWART.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION-msu ocr. 3|. 1912.

l ,206., l 62. Patented Nov. 28, 1916.v

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.l

B. F. STEWART.

GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION 111.50 oc1.31,1912.

1,206,162. Pawntea Nov. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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B. F. STEWAR.

GAS ENGNE.

APPLICATION FILED ccT. 31

Patented Nov. 28, 19H5.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

BENJAMIN F. STEWART, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1916.

Application led October 31, 1912. Serial N o. 728,791.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. STEW- ART, acitizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cookand State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion enginesand has for its object to provide a new and improved device of thisdescription.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein-Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a two cycle engineembodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on line 2 2 ofFig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4is a sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is an enlargedsectional View taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a side view of thecylinders with the air controlling device removed; Fig. 7 is a sectionalview taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 3; Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken online 8-8 of Fig. 7 g Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9-9 ofFig. 3.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

VReferring now to the drawings, I have shown for purposes ofillustration a twin cylinder engine provided with the cylinders 1inclosed by a suitable casing 2, there being a suitable water jacket forthe cylinders located in the casing. In the present case, instead ofhaving the carbureter a separate device outside of the engine, I put thecarbureter inside, that is, inside of the outer casing 2. As hereinshown, I provide a. cylindrical part 3 inside of the casing 2 andpreferably integral with the casing and the cylinders. The cylinders areprovided with hollow pistons 3, the explosive mixture passes from thecompression chambers of the engine up through the transfer passageways2b and enters the cylinder through the admission ports 2n. The explodedgas passes out through the exhaust ports 2. This cylindrical partextends from the top of the cylinders downwardly through a portion oftheir length so as to form the chamber 4. 'This chamber is preferablyo-pen at the top for the admission of the carbureter valve and isprovided with a closing cap or nut 5. Within the chamber 4 is a. valvewhich as shown, consists of two pistons 7 and 8 connected together by asuitable connecting piece. Projecting beyond the lower piece 7 is avalve piece 9 which controls an opening 10 in the pipe 10 and throughwhich the fuel supply passes. The gasolene Vor other hydro-carbon passesthrough pipe 11 to the pipe 10. `The pipe 11 is contained within thecasing 2 and extends through the jacket of the cylinders, preferablybetween the cylinders. The pipe 11 is surrounded by a wall 12, therebeing an air space 13 between the pipe and the wall so as to prevent thepipe from getting too hot. The gasolene or other hydro-carbon is thusheated on its way to the carburetor and arrives at the carburete'r in acondition where it may casilv be converted into gas. Some means isprovided for regulating the temperature to which the hydro-carbon in thepipe 11 is heated. As herein shown, means is provided for admittingoutside air into the space 13 surrounding the pipe 11. As illustrated inFigs. 1 and 3, there is located at the end of the space 13, a movableregulating part 14 consisting of a screw -threaded sleeve through whichthe pipe passes. This screwthreaded sleeve is provided with one or.

more air admission openings 15. The air admission openings l5 arearranged so that when the sleeve 14 is screwed into its opening to suchan extent that the flange 16 is in engagement with the opposed face ofthe casing 2, said openings 15 are closed so that no air can enter. Whenit is desired to permit air to enter so as to lower the temperature, thesleeve 14 is unscrewed until the openings 15 reach such a position thatair can pass therethrough into the sleeve 14 and thence into the space13. It will thus be seen that by properly locating these openings 15,any desired regulation of the admissleeve 14 so as to obtain any desiredtemperature of the gasolene in the pipe 11. Some means is provided formixing air with the gasolene or other fuel. As herein shown, the casingis provided with a projecting cylindrical part 18 which has an openingtherethrough for the valve 19. This valve controls the passage way 20through which the liquid fuel passes to the valve 19. The valve 19 iscontrolled by a suitable handle 20a. The stem of the valve 19 ispreferably provided with some suitable packing which may be compressedby a threaded sleeve 21.

The casing 2 of the cylinders is provided with a series of air admissionopenings. As

vsion of air may be secured by moving the shown in Fig. 6, there arefour of these openings, 23, 24, 25 and 26. The air admission openings 23and 24 admit air to the carburetor so as to be mixed with the liquidfuel to produce the explosive gas for the cylinders. 25 and 26 passes upwithout mixing with the gasolene to the ports 2S and then passes throughthe admission ports 2"L of the cylinders and the transfer passage Ways2b to the compression chamber of the engine, as described in my priorapplication No. 681,564 filed March 4, 1912. Each piston is provided atthe top with an upwardly projecting part 2Sa (see Fig'. 2), which keepsthe port 26 closed when the piston is in its maximum down position.These air admission openings 23, 24, 25 and 26 are controlled by the aircontrolling part 29. This air controlling part 29 is mounted upon thepipe or sleeve 10 which incloses the valve 19 and has two walls 30 and31 inclosing a space 32. A spring 33 normally presses the controllingpart 29 toward the casing. The wall 31 is provided with air admissionopenings 34,

36 and 37. These air admission ports instead of being equally spacedlike the openings in the casing 2, are arranged in pairs as shown. Theopenings 34 and 36 are arranged to partially or wholly register with theopenings 25 and 26 and the openings 35 and 3T are arranged to partiallyor wholly register with the openings 23 and 24, the overlapping orregistering area being controlled by moving the controlling device 29.Vhen the openings only partially register, that is, partially overlap,as shown, for example, in Fig'. 5, the air enters the controlling devicethrough a series of openings 27. This air then passes through theportions of the openings 34, 35, 36 and 37 which overlap or registerwith the openings 23, 24, 25 and 26 so that some of the air enters thelower end of the mixing chamber 4 surrounding the liquid fuel dischargeopening 10a and mixes with the evaporated gasolene so as to form theexplosive mixture. The explosive mixture passes into the compressionchamber. lt will be noted that when the controlling device 29 is movedto increase the overlapping area of the openings 23 and 35, and 24 and37, it simultaneously decreases the overlapping area of the openings 34and 26, and 25 and 36, and vice versa, so that as the charge ofexplosive gas entering into the compression chamber is increased, thecharge of atmospheric air entering said compression chamber isdecreased, and vice versa, thus permitting a varying amount of explosivegas to be inserted into the compression chamber and at the same timeprovide a. full charge for said compression chamber. When, for example,the openings 35 and 37 completely register with the openings 23 and 24,the'openings 34 and 36 are The air which enters the openingsvintermediate between the openings 23 and 26, and 25 and 24 so that noair can enter the openings 25 and 26 through said openings 34 and 36.Under these conditions, 1 preferably permit a small amount of air topass v 34 and 36 completely register with the openf ings 25 and 26, theopenings 23 and 24 will be completely closed by the imperforatedportions of the wall 31 of the controlling device. The air controllingdevice 29 may be moved in any desired manner as by means of thecontrolling handle 39. This engine may be operated with gasolene,kerosene, or other suitable liquid fuel. This liquid fuel passes intothe casing through the pipe 11 and is heated to the desired degree bythe heat from the engine cylinders. The valve 19 is open and the suctionproduced by the engine automatically lifts the pistons 7 and 8 and thevalve piece 9 so as to move the valve from the opening 10. The fuel thenpasses out through the opening 10a and is converted into and is mixedwith the air entering through the openings 23 and 24. This mixture thenpasses up to the port 40 into the storage reservoir 41 contained withinthe casing and preferably located between the cylinders of the engine.The piston 7 has its lower face preferably inclined as shown and theport 40 has its lower edge preferably inclined so that the mixture willbe directed upwardly when discharged into the storage chamber. Thisreservoir 41 may be called a converting storage reservoir for if thereis any of the liquid fuel not converted into gas, it will strike the hotwalls of the reservoir and be converted int-o gas. This reservoir alsoforms a storage device for the engine wherein a portion of the explosivegas is stored so that it may be drawn from the moment the port leadingto the compression chamber is open. The suction from the enginecylinders removes a portion of the air from between the pistons 7 and 8and above the piston 3, forming a partial vacuum above said piston,which vacuum holds up the carbureter valve during the intermediateperiods when the compression chamber is disconnected therefrom, thuspreventing the movement of the carburetor valve to its seat at everystroke of the engine. This prevents the valve from pounding and becomingunduly worn. The explosive g'as from the reservoir 41 passes through theports 42, into the compression chambers of the engine. Then either ofthe ports 42 is first open, the vacuum in the compression chamber iscomparatively high and thus produces a strong suction upon thecarbureter. 1f the supply is taken directly from the carbureter, thisstrong suction draws out too much gasolene or otherliquid fuel wheneither of4 these ports is first opened so as to prevent the securing ofthe proper mixture of air and gas.

When the engine is running at high speed, it is not possible to get afull charge of gas because of the short time the port 42 is open, thatis, the short time during which the compression chamber is connectedwith the carbureter. By providing the converting storage reservoir 4l,these difficulties are obviated because the explosive mixture passesinto the storage reservoir so as to fill it. Under these conditions,when either port 42 is open, it will be seen that there is provided thisreservoir lof explosive gasto draw from in addition to the carbureter,and hence a proper mixture may be` secured at all times and a fullcharge of explosive mixture provided, even when the engine is running atits maximum speed. It will thus be seen that this storage reservoir actsat the critical point in the operation to supply the explosive mixtureso that the carbureter can get into proper action and supply theremaining portion in proper form. While the cylinders heat thisreservoir so as to cause it to convert any liquid fuel into gas, thestorage reservoir also helps to cool the cylinders. 1t will be seen thatby means Yof this construction the fuel is heated before it passes intothe carbureter and is continuously heated while in the carbureter and isfurther heated after it passes into the storage reservoir. 1n otherwords, the fuel is heated to the desired and proper temperature allalong its path. The storage chamber insures the proper conversion of anyliquid into gas so as to secure a thorough and proper mixture with theair before entering the compression chamber. It will further be seenthat the carbureter is entirely inclosed within the casing of the enginewhere it is properly heated by the heat from the cylinders and properlyprotected, thus insuring its most eiiicient operation.

1 have illustrated in the drawings an oil pipe 43 located in the storagechamber so as to drop the oil at the ports leading to the crank case.This pipe is connected to pipe 44 with the oil reservoir 45 which isalso connected by pipe 46 with the crank case so that a continuouscirculation of the oil is secured.

I claim:

1. A gas engine having the cylinders cast integral and provided with anexterior water jacket with fuel oil heating means and carbureter andconverting and storage reservoir located between the cylinders andwithin the water-jacket.

2. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for saidcylinders and a carbureter within said casing, a receptacle in thecasing into which the mixed air and gas from the carbureter arereceived, a stor age reservoir in the casing, a communication betweensaid reservoir and receptacle and an automatic valve controlling saidcommunication.

3. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for saidcylinders, a carbureter contained within said casing and locatedintermediate the cylinders, a fuel oil pipe entering said casing on theside of the cylinders opposite the carbureter and extending past saidcylinders to the carbureter and through which heated oil is delivered tothe carbureter.

4. A gas engine comprising two cylinders, l

av casing therefor, a` carbureter, a fuel supply pipe passing throughsaid casing and projecting past said cylinders to said carbureter sothat the fuel therein will be heated by the heat from the cylinders, anda wall surrounding said pipe and at a distance therefrom, so as toprovide a space between the wall and the pipe.

5. A gas engine comprising a cylinder, a casing therefor,'a carbureter,a fuel supply pipe passing through said casing and projecting past saidcylinder to said carbureter so that the fuel therein will be heated bythe heat from the cylinders before being delivered to said carbureter.

6. A gas engine comprising a cylinder, a

`casing therefor, a carbureter, a fuel supply pipe passing through saidcasing to said carbureter so that the fuel therein will be heated by theheat from the cylinders, and means for regulating the temperature of thefuel in said fuel supply pipe.

7. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for saidcylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said casing between saidcylinders so -that the fuel will be heated thereby to assist invaporizing it, said pipe provided with a discharge opening locatedwithin the boundaries of said casing through which the material fromsaid supply pipe escapes, means for mixing air with said material and avalve within said casing for controlling the escape of said mixture.

8. A gas engine comprising two cylinders, a casing therefor, areceptacle in said casing, a fuel pipe projecting into said casing so asto be heated by said cylinders, said pipe provided with a dischargeopening contained within the boundaries of said casing so as todischarge the material into said receptacle, said casing provided with achamber connecting with said receptacle, a valve within said chambercontrolling said connection.

9. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a compressionchamber for each cylinder, a easing therefor, a receptacle in saidcasing, afuel pipe projecting into said casing so asl to be heated bysaid cylinders, said pipe provided with a discharge opening containedWithin the boundaries of said casing so as to discharge the materialinto said receptacle in the casing, means for admitting air to saidreceptacle, said easing provided with a gas storage device connectingWithv said receptacle, a valve Within said casing controlling saidconnection, and a connection between said gas storage reservoir and saidcompression chambers.

l0. A gas engine Comprising a plurality of cylinders, a casing for saidcylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said easing so that thefuel therein Will be heated by the heat from the cylinders to assist inVaporizing it, a Wall surrounding` a. portion ot' said fuel supply pipe,means for admitting air into the space between said ivall and said fuelsupply pipe so as to regulate the heating of the oil therein.

l1. A gas engine comprising a plurality of cylinders, a easing for saidcylinders, a fuel supply pipe extending into said casing so that thefuel therein will be heated by Vthe heat from the cylinders to assist invaporizing it, a Wall surrounding a portion of said fuel supply pipe,means for admitting air into the space between said Wall and said `fuelsupply pipe, and a controlling device for varying the amount of airadmitted therein.

l2. sA gas engine comprising a. plurality of cylinders, a casing forsaid cylinders, a carbureter in said casing intermediate the cylinders,said casing provided With air BENJAMIN F. STEWART.

Witnesses MINNIE lt/L LINDENAU, DENIE A.. WALTERS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

